Because the Nile is running along the length of the country, boats and ships have been the most important means of transportation in Egypt since ancient times and even the reigns of Muslim rulers. Ships have been shown in frescoes since the Naqada civilization (circa 4000 to 3100 BC); from the time of the ancient state, small wooden models of ships became among the funerary furniture in many tombs. These models represent many types of boats that the ancient Egyptians designed for different purposes. The papyrus boats were used for picnic in the Delta swamps; in daily activities, large wooden boats were used to transport heavy goods, religious ceremonies and for military purposes. During the Ptolemaic period, the Ptolemies built a vast naval force. Ptolemaic ships were manufactured in a variety of ways, which were known throughout the Hellenic world. Pareidates were an important type of naval vessel. The "Kerkoros" ships were used for both commercial and maritime purpose...

The Hyksos abused the Egyptians, burned the cities and villages without mercy, destroyed the temples, slaughtered some of the inhabitants, forced the Egyptians to pay new taxes, and built castles and forts. Over time, the Hyksos was influenced by the Egyptian civilization. They won and won the Pharaohs in their names, uniforms and traditions. They spoke the Egyptian language and converted to the religion of the Egyptians. The ancient Egyptians did not reassure the Hexos and continued to hate their rule and viewed them with contempt because they had robbed them of their country's independence and freedom of their homeland. The national spirit was strengthened among the Egyptians with the days, and they were determined to expel the Hyksos and liberate the homeland. The princes of Tiba led the struggle against the Hyksos, having established their control over Egypt and founded the 17th Dynasty. When the Hyksos feared that the Egyptians would become stronger, their king saw the...

Isis and Osiris story Philae island and temple  The reader of that timeless myth may err in the conception that is Isis and Osiris are historical figures. The reason for this is that ancient Egyptian mythology was infused with cosmic events in an abstract form, and its cosmic symbols are dyed in human form. To make matters more complicated, some of the events of the story of Isis and Osiris were reported to have occurred in Egyptian cities. Certain places were associated with the events of the story of Isis and Osiris; this connection between certain places known in Egypt and between the events of the story is what caused the reader to be puzzled. The story of Isis and Osiris is a mythological story that tells about events that took place at the time of the creation of the universe. These events did not take place in the land of Egypt as some imagine, but the opposite is true. It was the Egyptians who created names Linked to the events of the emergence of the univers...

Faith in the curse has aroused the interest of many people because of the mysterious deaths of some members of the Howard Carter team and other prominent visitors to the tomb shortly thereafter. The Carter team opened the Tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62) in 1922, thus eliminating the new era of Egyptology. The famous Egyptologist James Henry Preststed worked with Carter shortly after the opening of the cemetery for the first time. Tell how Carter sent a messenger to spend his house. On the way back to his home, he thought he heard a faint sound like someone crying, saw at the arrival of the entrance bird cage occupied by the cobra, symbol of the Egyptian monarchy. Canary Carter died on his mouth and this fueled local rumors of the curse. Arthur Weigel, the former inspector general of Egypt's state antiquities, was quoted as explaining that Carter's house had been invaded by the same royal cobra that protected the king's head to strike enemies on the same day that the king...

Tangent relations between the Mediterranean and China have been prominent in ancient times. It is striking that this trade was often done on land. The convoys traversed the distance from the shores of the East China Sea to northern China by land, passing the long distance of at least 11,000 kilometers across difficult terrain, rugged mountains and deserts. The convoys transported silk, perfumes and glass to the east.  The sea and its vessels played a major role in this trade. A diversified and more diversified maritime trade has grown along the shores of West India, the Persian coasts and the Arabian Gulf, to the south of the Arabian Peninsula and the Red Sea, Egypt and the Horn of Africa. This Eastern trade aroused the interest of Alexander the Macedonian and Prince Bahrh Nayarkhos, and Alexander sent his prince Nehruchus to carry out a mission of discovery and exploration. Later, after the rise of the Roman Empire, Emperor Augustus Caesar sent a campaign to survey the R...

She was the wife of "Sakhnin Ra Ta'o" (II), one of the heroes of "Thebes" in the "Hixus" war, and the mother of King Ahmose I, the editor of Egypt of the invaders, The importance of this queen and her fame as one of the great queens in this family was due to her prominent role in the struggle for Egypt against the Hyksos. This was evidenced by the text of a stone plaque found in front of the eighth edifice of the temples of Karnak and began with the titles of King Ahmose and his works, This was a passage for his mother, the queen, "Ihah-hatt", in which everyone was commanded to glorify her. He said: "Praise the Lady of the Earth, the Lady of the Mediterranean Islands (Hao Nebo), famous in every foreign country, who sets plans for the people, the husband of the king, the sister of the king, , Which sponsored the affairs of Egypt, which took care of the order of its army, and put it under its care, were the ones who brou...

Ancient Egyptians planted three types of wheat, namely: Incoran Wallace. Unicorn is a kind of primitive, single grain grain. It is gerst to extracts with two rigid red entrees kept after lesson. Sniper, it contains two red light color. Wheat and barley used in making bread and beer. Ancient Egyptians, in small gardens or local secondary species, a lot of vegetables, including onions, garlic, leeks, lettuce, Egypt (municipal council) gray cab, potash, paregos, lentils, peas, beans and lots of spices. She also planned sesame, linen and ricin. Extraction of vegetable oils. The planned business in Carmot is separate as well as gardens. They also planted palm trees, figs, migrants, melons and melons. The ancient Egyptians had allocated land for flax cultivation, which was the main raw material in the textile industry. Papyrus, which grows in swamps along the river, makes the same paper as mats and sandals. Other new crops were introduced after Arab demand, such as rice and sugar cane:...

The ancient Egyptians were able to remove gravity when lifting the stones used in building the pyramids and moving them to long distances and heights by directing special sound vibrations and electrostatic charges to facilitate the lifting process. This explanation was achieved by constructing the pyramids during the two revolutions one of the cemetery of one of the engineers of the central state And the other papyrus preserved in the Museum of the Louvre in Paris, France. He said that the Egyptians were able to control many of the global powers and exploited their energy to achieve their scientific purposes. It was there that helped the workers in the construction site move and lift the huge stones by reading magic words in the form of the magic box of the Osiris magic box. The big stone moved without effort. So I thought it was the magic box that directs the sound vibrations and electrostatic charges to lift and push the stones. He added that the Egyptian miracle is how to adj...

Pharaonic embalming was associated with post-mortal beliefs When you hear a mummification or mummification, the first thing that jumps into mind is of course Pharaonic Egypt. The ancient Egyptians were really the prettiest in this field, and nobody likes them, because embalming has been closely linked to post-mortal beliefs. A mummified body does not have the opportunity to be resurrected after death, its destiny is annihilation and nothingness. To avoid this horrific fate, the ancient Egyptians infused millions of mummies over thousands of years. They did not do so in vain or in vain, but because embalming was their gateway to eternity. The mummy Junger .. The nature of nature There is a great deal of controversy about the period in which the Pharaohs practiced embalming for the first time. Historically, the first stuffed bodies were not made by the ancient Egyptians, but were credited with embalming nature. Egypt's dry and hot desert climate naturally transformed the bo...

The magical texts were an important part of the scientific texts in Egypt  The Egyptian writer used different materials to record them such as papyrus, oestraca, stone paintings and statues. Egyptian scientists used the classification of ancient Egyptian texts to  Literary texts, funerary texts, magic texts, and so on. But sometimes it mixed up with them, and there was a mistake  Category. For example, the story of "The Seas That Crashed His Boat" is usually classified as a literary text While it is a story that contains magical aqua. The coffins are usually classified as funerary texts, though they are  In some parts contains magical texts, especially the book of the two ways  Which was placed on some coffins of the central state and provided the deceased  With the information he needs to get through the world of tools  He described it as two roads, one waterway and the other the land road. And between them...