The health of the soul is from the health of the mind, and the sanity of the health of the body.
Thus sport occupied its place among the constitutions of the life of the society, which the Pharaohs dictated by the doctrine. They established legislation for its origins and rules. Sport became one of the pillars of faith and necessity of life necessities, and laid down the rules and theories of its practice as a science of life and art of its arts. Ancient Egyptian civilization and its distinctive character that combined authenticity, continuity and immortality.
The Pharaohs introduced the world to the foundations of the triangle of sport and sports, which was uttered by the wisdom of doctrine. This triangle is the sport associated with the ribs, which is the sport of the soul, ie, the psychological sport, the sport of the mind, the mental sport, the sport of the body, the physical sport, all with the first ray in the dawn of civilization. Through the history of mankind to hold its grip on the flame of the Olympic Games and leave its mark on the games of the modern era.
Sports Games
physical sports
Hunting and Shooting:
The oldest sport known to mankind .. arose with man as a year of nature and a way to stay alive. He instinctively practiced how animal society creatures surrounded him to pay for himself by providing nature with weapons in the forefront of the mind, and getting his food by catching and inheriting those who participate in the forest world.
Sport evolved with civil development. Turned from defending himself and his home and land from fierce animals to defend himself and his home and land of raiders and aggressors of his race turned weapons from weapons to respond to the enemy that the animal sex to weapons to respond to the enemy that the human race as a new way to survive his life turned animal hunting sport .. Sports Hunting Man ..
The history of the sport of hunting and shooting in ancient Egypt, which is a sport practiced by the ancient Egyptian. From which all kinds of sport and games have gone - started before the advent of civilization itself. The ancient stone ages, prehistoric times and since the tenth century BC have left many of the drawings engraved on the rocks of the stone hills scattered in its roaming areas and on the walls of the caves. Animals of all types using long bayonets with a pointed blade of solid rock, as shown with bayonets are the earliest examples of arches and arrows. The first attempts to invent types of traps and primitive nets emerged.
The deserts of Egypt were rich in animals, as they appeared in abundance in ancient inscriptions and drawings. The extinction of some species or their disappearance only began in the tenth century BC. The most important hunting animals that have been painted on antiquities since the dawn of history are the sevens, leopards, elephants, giraffes, ostriches, hyenas, gazelles, deer, wild bulls, hippos, crocodiles, foxes and wild rabbits.
Some researchers confirm that the disappearance of most of these animals from Egypt or migrating to the south is due to the change of environment and atmosphere, where it was proved that nature in ancient times was good rain, which was helping the growth of herbs and abundance of water, which are essential to animal housing.
Fishing drawings in the ancient state indicate that the Egyptians have set the technical assets for hunting different types of animals or in various fishing areas. They also know how to erect the fence around large areas of the land where the fishermen pay the fishing animals inside and then start fishing with arrows and hunting dogs. The ancient Egyptian is very skilled in the views of the fishing tracks and what is going on, starting from the preparation of the fence and the way to use various weapons and return spoils. The wife often shared her husband and accompanied him on hunting trips and took care of the hunting dogs and preparing the spoils of fishing. More than one plate of fishing plates was found in the third and fourth families showing the wife of the prince or the noble, accompanying her husband on his way to fishing. Hunting birds, and often the kings of those families take with them in hunting some of their followers of professional fishermen, especially in fishing trips dangerous.
Fishing in the modern state was one of the most beloved of the kings 'and princes' tents and the great men of the state. The kings were proud of their bravery and the strength of their sleeves and their superior skill in hitting the goals.
Tuthmosis the Third describes how he went on a trip to hunt elephants in Syria, catching one hundred and twenty villas. He threw a large villa without a fatal blow to the elephant and the elephant was about to kill the king of the leg would not expose the great leader threatened his life at risk and his initiative to cut the elephant's hose.
King Amenhotep the Third boasts that in the first ten years of his rule he hunted one hundred and two seventy seven ninety-nine villas and recorded City I in the fishing plates how he left his wheel and go alone with his foot accompanied by the faithful and painted how the lion wrestled face to face using the spear, One.
One of the most famous kings of the Pharaohs was a hobby of fishing Ramesses the Second who had a lion as a dog and accompanied him in the fighting. He was lying at night in the camp in front of his master's camp.
Ramses III was famous for hunting trips where wild bulls were hunted and a huge list of the bulls and lions was recorded in the city of Hayo, where three blacks were hunted in one trip in the desert of Al-Ahram.
Ramses III was famous for hunting trips where wild bulls were hunted and a huge list of the bulls and lions was recorded in the city of Hayo, where three blacks were hunted in one trip in the desert of Al-Ahram.
In the shooting, Amenhotep the Second tells that he was firing his arrow on a thick copper shield with the palm rest width and penetrated his arrows and he threw from his vehicle as the wind raced four arrows on four consecutive copper targets, each of which was three fingers, which was chosen by all arrows and separated between each goal and the next. Of ten meters.
The most famous fishing games and the most dangerous in the eyes of the Egyptians was hunting the crocodile and hippopotamus in the "pond Saiss" in the north of the Dalta using pikes and spears and meant the Egyptians hunting dogs and trained them to hunt different types of animals and taught dogs how to encircle the female deer and young and prevent them from moving until the fisherman misled and tied to the net Or ropes and carried with him where they were forbidden to kill the female Ghazal and young or even wounded by weapons. They also trained hunting dogs to protect fishing tents and snakes from snakes and reptiles during the night.
In the modern state, they trained cats to catch birds and the fisherman carried a cat with him, who shoots him behind the birds he is hunting with a shooting stick
.
birds hunting :
Bird hunting was one of the favorite hobbies of the Egyptians. It was a combination of sport and fun, and the hunter often accompanied his wife and children to participate in the fun of fishing.
They used several methods to hunt birds in the forefront and the oldest of the stick Boomerang Boomerang, a wooden stick pinned to the party formed geometrical shapes made, they were tossed to the top quickly and quickly among the swarms of birds rotate in rapid curves and then return to Ramaha Vtlkfha is located in the post after To infect the bird that falls around it and found them complete collections in the tombs of the old state and the pre-family period and kept Tut Ang Amot some of the types of micro-made within the funeral furniture.
The second method in which they excelled in the sport of hunting birds using large nets and see an actress in the graves of Saqqara and Bani Hassan were made of palm fibers and flax yarns.
The birds' fishing nets were also made according to geometric shapes, the most famous of which is the hexagonal network, which is eight cubits long and four cubits wide. It was immersed in its water-filled base after being hidden under aquatic plants. When birds flock in the water and gather above it, the fishermen tie the ends of the net, They are very fast and they are hiding between papyrus chopsticks. They also made various kinds of nets, quail and wild geese, each of which produced art-made leaves, most of which are still used.
They collected live fishing birds and built them into private sheds and set up private ponds in their homes where they became pet birds and birds.
As for fishing, the ancient Egyptian was the first to invent the schnara and the first to use it. He made it from bronze. He also invented fishing with bayonets and hooks, a sport that moved to Australia with pumierang fishing.
As for fishing nets, the drawings appeared on the walls of many of the tombs starting from the families of the first and the old state has found the network cast by the fisherman alone in water in all ages in the same way as it is now used. And then the large net, which was pulled by a group of fishermen and had floats of cork and wood from the top and weights from the bottom and the fabric was wide openings to leave room for the growth of small fish and non-catch to reproduce in order to preserve the water wealth and used similar nets towed by a ship or tightened between two boats.
Many types of hand nets with long knobs or retractable lattices (known as the "skull") are still in use in many eastern countries.
Wrestling:
Wrestling sport and its matches appeared in many ancient inscriptions and paintings in pre-family times. They were engraved on ivory and knuckle handles dating back to the early Naqada era. Examples of them were engraved on the handles of arms and oystraca in the tombs of the first family, indicating that they were a continuation of long-standing organizational methods and origins.
Wrestling is one of the oldest types of sport that has become a sport in all its stages. It was a special interest in the ancient state where it was practiced by the people in all its classes. It was one of the sports which is taught in schools and held games in various religious and popular events and national festivals and we have special squares in the markets and fields. In the paintings of the ancient state found many pictures and inscriptions representing the situations of wrestling, which was trained by children and young people, and has established rules and assets and honor by teachers and professional trainers.
One of the paintings inscribed on the walls of the tomb of the Minister Ptah Hotep (3rd Dynasty 2400 BC) shows the various wrestling situations performed by the young people. The drawings are performed by the son of the minister. The drawings show the artistic assets and simply the conditions that were developed for those wrestling. And levels. The papyrus of that era recorded the interest of the sons of kings and princes and proud of their procrastination and excellence in public games. There was also a special coach for the sons of King Khufu, the sons of the princes and senior state officials participated in the training.
Wrestling sport reached its height and maturity in the Central State (2100-1850). Its rich drawings and paintings, which covered the walls and walls of many tombs, show that they became more sophisticated, mature and skilled.
The tombs of Bani Hassan (tombs of the rulers of Ghazal province - the 16th region of the provinces - Upper Egypt are valuable collections of wrestling pictures carved in rock or carved on the walls with colorful drawings over a layer of mortar. The most important tombs that preserved these inscriptions are the tomb of the ruler Amini, Which combines wrestling and military sports training. The wrestling pictures in the Amini cemetery explain many of their situations and the details of their artistic movements, which were performed by experts who are experienced and indicate the papyri of that era. He was among them professionals who recited their games and presented their games. There were special titles for professionals. The coaches, as well as the sport of wrestling and heroes special care of the princes of the provinces, who were finding great pleasure in observing their sports exercises and each region has a special team to cherish and participate in the general games and patrol between the regions.
In one of the paintings of the tombs of Beni Hassan, the old Egyptian photographer painted 220 different situations of wrestling explaining their rules, origins and traditions. Some of the drawings explain how to start the game when both rivals confront each other and slow down in the attack until his opponent finishes his belt around his waist. The game begins calm and orderly and develops into violence after studying each other accurately.
In the modern state (1570-1150), wrestling entered another phase after it became a traditional military exercise and emerged what was called the armed wrestling, which is similar to one of the great training of the fedayeen teams and was held special games in national military events and military victory days and in concerts that were Especially when the tribute was received from Egyptian colonies during the reign of the empire.
The match was also attended by foreign officers and wrestlers who were rewarded by Pharaoh for releasing and releasing them if they won the games. Fencing teams of professionals and civilians also appeared with their own teams for the military match.
And the study of sports games in the modern state, we find that the foundations of the world matches in sports where the games were held in Ramses II tiles and show the nationalities of different competitors and covered their heads and laces belts of leather and shows the victorious team as he progresses to accept congratulations and gifts from the king. The princes and nobles were competing to participate in those matches to show their skill and ability in front of the king.
As the beginning of the wrestling tradition, which was portrayed by the Central State, a new tradition emerged in the modern state, where the game began to attract each player by the right hand, pulling his neck in his right, a tradition that the player aims to test his opponents. It was also required to win to force the knocker to touch the ground with three points, such as hands, knees and shoulders and even to extend the knock on his stomach or on his back.
It is interesting to note that these requirements are considered the bases of the rules governing the various wrestling games of modern times.
Free Games
There is no doubt that the wrestling games that began with the Pharaonic civilization of prehistoric times is the nucleus that spawned many sports. The fencing, which was a natural development for some types of wrestling after it was introduced in the military exercises and exercises and reviews, appeared wrestling weapons or fencing with the beginning of the state The first of its weapons was the fearless sticks with pointed heads and metal slings, which were no different from the dueling of the shish, which is now known, and the protagonists covered their heads with their belts and helmets and leather helmets. In many cases, the players protected the arms of Difa They have leather straps by strikes. In addition to the duel, various types of fencing and dueling have emerged.
The fencing games in general are an extension of the game, which was one of the most popular and popular games and games among the Egyptians from the earliest ages, especially in the countryside.
She was in her first appearance using the jungle chopsticks that grow on the Nile beaches. Then she used the palm fronds. When she moved to the cities, she made her own sticks in the old state of hardwood stalks and provided the stick with a leather handle. The player also received a small pinch to his left arm. Of the skin similar to what appeared in the fencing with weapons has been mastered the Egyptians in the art of hobbying in the Central State appeared different forms of sticks in different length and fish may drop the player to the duel with two sticks and one hit by another strikes by his opponent.
Each game of Russian Fencing and Matching was accompanied by special signature dances, which created their movements from the movements of the games themselves, accompanied by musical groups in the festivals and entertainment events following the matches and competitions.
He appeared in the wrestling pictures in the paintings of Saqqara and Benny Hassan, and was associated with the wrestling of sports games invented by the ancient Egyptian. He had the cane of the sik in discovering and putting its weightlifting assets. The inscriptions depicted how young people were trained to lift special bags of sand to the top in a jerk with one hand. Each opponent should raise his opponent in weight with his hands up in a horizontal position.
And for the wrestling of bulls and jumping over the images of the ancient state found in the tombs of the third family in Saqqara It is worth mentioning that similar images have been found in detail in the excavations of Crete, which emerged after the ancient state in one thousand and five hundred years and also appeared in the Greek civilization, which emerged after the Cretan civilization by five hundred years Both civilizations have transferred many of the Egyptian sports, which were known at that time and were credited with the transfer of sport from Egypt to the whole modern world.
Swimming and water games:
Swimming was her hobby, which emerged from the earliest eras of the history of the Pharaohs. The inscriptions of the tombs of the ancient state and many of the Ostraca of the Middle Kingdom have left us many pictures and drawings expressing the Egyptians' interest in swimming, mastery and passion for them. They set out to practice the rules and the technical assets that appeared in their inscriptions and described them in many legends of the literature of their stories. They described the encounters between lovers and matches among young people in swimming pools, papyrus ponds and holy lakes. Pictures of underwater swimming and diving competitions to pick up pieces of jewelry that are to be taken from the depths of the lakes and the holy river on the occasions of the holy festivals and the feast of Hathor God of love and beauty .. The writer described the old skill of rural youth in swimming games to cross the Nile in the festival of God Haby Nile One of the papyris described the record numbers achieved by the participants in the number of times crossing the river non-stop or long swimming swimming in the escort of the Holy Horus, which is moving in the Nile between Adver and Dandra on the wedding anniversary of Hathor of Horus. According to one of the ancient papyrus states of the era of the pyramids that the sons of the king had a special coach teaches them to swim and they were participating in the games and reviews of the holidays with the Champions of the Champions of the sport of swimming and games. As one of the rulers of Assiut said from the same era that he learned to swim with the sons of Pharaoh in his palace and that there is no one to compete in swimming and arts in the whole region ..
The city of palaces Akhenaten Tel Amarna witness to the swimming position in the modern state. A palace of the city's palaces or a dwelling of its nobility houses did not disturb the existence of a large swimming pool in a garden. In some palaces, the architect placed two swimming pools in the inner garden of the children and the family and the other in front of the reception hall for guests and parties, which is evidence of the status of sport in the life of society and the elements of civilization.
With the sport of swimming, kayaking sport emerged, in which the Egyptians excelled in starting from the sport of fishing as mentioned above. The Egyptians mastered the manufacture of various types of rowing and sailing boats. The hobby of rowing was one of the favorite and desirable hobbies of women and men alike. Women had private boats in the work of art of the ancient Egyptian manufacture and decoration. On the page of the Nile and in the palaces of palaces in various occasions and festivals accompanied by blows of paddles, drums, beats, instruments, music and singing, which was fertile material for many writers and poets of the ancient state in the description of many of them. The four-year-old papyrus of the Fourth Dynasty describes the ship Princess Marwa, the daughter of Sennfrew (who used to paddle twenty of the most beautiful women with the most beautiful breasts and fists and hide their bodies only from fishing nets and paddle with silver-tipped potters on the tunes).
ames of gymnastics and acrobatics:
Ancient Egyptians excelled in the gymnastics games and the games of the review and preserved the inscriptions of the daily life that adorn the walls of many graves of the ancient state and the central state valuable collections of reviews of games gymnastics group, which share some of the wits with young people and gather movements many acrobatic movements currently known technical conditions that combine Between Agility and Consistency There have been special types of reviews of religious ceremonies and festivals combining the symbolic and expressive movements of expressive dance. They were in the show and the games were in sport mode. The costume consisted of a half-waisted Azar with a wide belt with the team's badge and wide ribbons tied by each player around his wrists and a wristband. The coaches and professionals had special uniforms that distinguished them from the rest of the players.
Mind Sports:
Mental sports
The sport of the mind or the sport of mind and the associated games of leisure time included countless games invented by the ancient Egyptian from the oldest ages of civilization and began most of the era of the pre-families also revealed to us the excavations of the ancient era in Saqqara during the tombs of the first and second families (3200 - 2800 BC). Several examples of its advanced models and most of them continued throughout the entire pharaonic history after the development of the art of directing them and many of them moved to the other civilizations that were associated with Egypt and some of them reached our modern era and did not change it except some minor modifications.
One of the oldest games of mind and entertainment, which emerged with the emergence of civilization itself and the most common game (popular), which still retain its ancient Egyptian name and meaning: dialogue.
Her paintings were divided into 36,16 square squares, which they dug or painted directly on the ground or planned on the sand in the fields. Her pieces of gravel and stones were made of different colors or shapes, the method used so far in the countryside. They also made special paintings of wood and lace, and in some of them the boxes were decorated with symbols and figures. The pieces of toys are made of geometric shapes of wood, ivory or clay.
It was the game of macrophages or chess of the oldest games mental sport, which was the kings and the people are competing in the exercise and was the favorite game of many Pharaohs and priests and they keep models in their graves in funerary furniture, and recorded drawings and images on the walls of many graves in the images of daily life And many of its models, whether found in the excavations of the old age, the ancient state of Sakkara or in the tombs of the modern state, the artists were competing in the design of the forms of its tables and units and the most beautiful examples found in the tomb of Tutankhamun.
The chess board or the Egyptian macrame was divided into 36,30,18 square, distinguished from each other by colors, symbols and numbers.
The pieces were made in the form of bells, cones and hemispheres, and some of them were made in human and animal forms made of ivory, pine and wood. The color of each group differs from the other. The Egyptians also mastered the manufacture of play tables and storage cabinets, some of which were made in the form of mobile tables that opened and closed in innovative artistic ways and with the places where the pieces were cut.
The play table, which is one of the most important artifacts that they keep in their councils, includes more than a game of games and various games of mental and entertainment games to participate in the game more than two guests and the owners of the house according to his hobby.
We have left behind them many of the boards of entertainment games mental exercise and compete in the evenings and their seminars, including the game and the snake twisted and had a special round-shaped painting painted by a spiral way in the form of a snake wrapped and divided into a number of cells and inhibitions or successive functions that move it Conical pieces or statues of goddesses and goddesses and moves like dice currently used in backgammon.
The domino game, which is currently known, has found a similar game with its stones and numbering in one of the tombs of the second family. The games, which were common in the modern state, are called "dog and fox" and are shown in the form of a shield with a drawing of a palm tree. The other 40 were punched around their edges, and their lengths were long ivory pins that formed heads in the form of heads of dogs and foxes.
The Pharaohs left us with several other models of some complex mental games, or so-called intelligence games, which rely on intelligence and experience, but we have not had enough of the details of their playing methods.
Spirit sport.
