The acquisition of knowledge and knowledge were the most important conditions that qualify the magician to be entitled to the title (which renews life), and also the title of "who Live the rituals, or live through the rituals). The magician in ancient Egypt also bears the title "Khery-Heb", meaning "responsible for the Book of Rituals". He recites the Holy Scriptures with a loud voice so that the words may live and gain strength. In addition to each of the temples of ancient Egypt, there was a house of life in which priests were trained in the holy rites, so that there is no place in ancient Egypt where there are specialists in science Mawarayat. One of the most important figures in ancient Egypt was the figure of the chief priest of the city "On" (Heliopolis), which was the title of "W - Mao" "The Great Priest," or "the great beholder to heaven," "who sees the great God." The prie...

In ancient mythology it’s a common scene that at some point in the remote past. Mankind angered the gods which caused the gods or god to destroy most of them. This usually done by a great flood sent by the storm God whether that be the Mesopotamian god Enlil, the Israelite God Yahweh or the Greek god Zeus but in Egypt the Land of the sun the destruction of mankind takes a different form. This mythological tale forms the first part of a longer text known as “Book of the Heavenly Cow” was inscribed in five royal tombs of the New Kingdom at Valley of the Kings (the tombs of Tutankhamun, Seti I. Ramses II, Ramses III, and Ramses VI). This story happened in mythical times and talks of humanity’s rebellion against the self-creation God Re, the chaos that ensued, the fury of vengeance, and the reordering of the cosmos. It may have served many functions, including showing the consequences of rebellion against the legitimate ruler. The legend begins with the god Re’s ag...

The Pharaonic civilization is one of the oldest civilizations on earth. There are hundreds and perhaps thousands of information that have not been discovered to this day in order to explain a large number of puzzles related to work such as embalming. But what has been discovered so far has proved at least that it proceeded the era of other civilizations in many areas like: agriculture, architecture, medicine, astronomy, But what has been discovered so far proved, at least, that it proceeded the era of other civilizations in many fields like agriculture, architecture, medicine, and astronomy. The period of the pharaoh Pipi II (2246-2152 BC) was considered the longest era in history, 94 years old, as he became the king of Egypt when he was only 6 years old. Ramses II (1279-1212 BC) was the most important Pharaoh in the Egyptian Empire. He ruled Egypt for 60 years and was the only pharaoh to have the title "the great" after his name. He had more than 90 child...

Magic is still a mystery of the ancient Egyptian civilization. Although thousands of archaeological discoveries have been made and many Pharaonic papyri have been deciphered, mystery still surrounds the nature and essence of magic among the pharaohs. Magic remains the mystery surrounding the secrets of Pharaonic civilization. The magic began in ancient Egypt from ages before the age of writing knowledge, about 5200 years ago. It was associated with a certain class of priests, called "hymns" or "Griu Hob" in hieroglyphics, who were specialized in witchcraft, In order to influence people, sorcerers came to know the science of after-nature or metaphysics, where sorcerers were able to control the intangible forces that existed in nature, and in objects, both inanimate and living. Magicians only with terms, covenants and covenants, and no one was able to be charming Magicians were selected according to certain conditions to enter the temples and learn the arts of magi...

Nefertari is the most important wife of Pharaoh Ramesses II, who lived in the era of the 19th Dynasty in the 11th century BC. She bore many children to Ramses but none of them lived like his father. She is also the mother of Meritamon, who has also become a queen. Nefertari is one of the eight wives of Ramses II. He is believed to have married her before he came to power in a joint sentence with his father, First City. Although she was not the main wife (his main wife, Isis Nefert, who became her son Merneptah), Nefertari was an important face in that era and evidence of the facade of the Temple of Abu Simbel, which Ramses built for her and the gods of Hathor and made of her statues in the size of the pharaoh statues they Called her « the beautiful  of the beauties» They were called Nefertari, or "beautiful". Its unique position is confirmed by the style of preference in the name. As historians say, the word "nefar" also means "good" or "good,...

The factors that helped the pharaonic civilization are divided into natural factors (great Nile, excellent location, climate, abundance of rocks and minerals) and human factors (positive action and continuous struggle). Natural factors Nile and its great virtue:  The Nile helped turn Egypt into a green paradise, and the Egyptians learned how to build ships, helping them to connect, exchange crops and trade.  The ancient Egyptians found the teacher and the source of the first life. They worshiped him and worshiped him in the form of a god called "Haby" and we still celebrate his "fulfillment of the Nile" every year. The ancient Egyptians left us with many historical texts that show the importance of the Nile River in their lives. And the impact of the Nile River in the life of the ancient Egyptian,  One of these texts says: "Peace be upon you, O Nile ... Who rekindles the land of Egypt and its creatures and plants. Peace be on you, O good Lord .....

Egypt has the first organized government in the world. Before the Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt united, each region was ruled by a king. In 3100 BC, after unification of the country in a central system of government, administratively divided into 42 provinces. There was a ruler at the head of each territory, but he followed the Pharaoh and obeyed him. The Pharaoh was the highest authority and had full sovereignty over the people; he had full control over the executive and legislative branches of the Government and was supported by a large number of appointed civil servants. In his selection of these assistants, the pharaoh took into account the rules of seniority and education. Senior government officials, in the era of the old state, held senior positions such as members of the royal court, advisers or ministers, or members of the Supreme Council of Government. The position of the Royal Footnote has increased in size over time to cover religious, civil, judicial and military ...

Statues have played an important role in tombs or in the lower world throughout the Pharaonic ages Which is to enable the soul to identify the features of the deceased owner, do not miss him and then get acquainted with the trip in the other world. Sculpture flourished in the old, middle and modern state, And produced a number of statues of different types. Egyptians used the size of the statue to express the social situation. The size of the pharaoh statue was more than normal, sometimes weighing several tons. The statues of scribes and court staff were almost the same size. The statues of servants and workers were, despite their high accuracy, smaller; their height was usually not more than 50 cm. These statues of the server have been shown in different working situations. This is in addition to the tiny Schwabti statues, whose height is not more than a few centimeters. This was called upon by the owner, in the Hereafter, to perform the difficult work that he...

What the ancient Egyptians left with movable or fixed effects: There is no doubt that the legacy of the ancient Egyptians is considered to be a trait The ancient Egyptians recorded some of their past in various documents; kings often recorded events and events of particular interest from their point of view, and dignitaries and individuals chronicled their lives in inscriptions on the walls of their tombs or Among the most important Egyptian works are the following: 1 Stone Palermo: The oldest historical Egyptian document that was left behind by the Egyptians, appears to be originally a text of diruvite engraved in both hieroglyphs and hieroglyphics; it records the names of kings from the pre-family era to the fifth Dynasty. And the height of about 70 cm, and about two meters long, has been broken this stone and left only six pieces, the largest and most important is now preserved in the Museum of the city of Palermo in Sicily, and the rest of the pieces there are four in t...

Before the invention of printing, important literary and religious works were copied manually; a work done by scribes. In ancient Egypt, scribes were trained to write, by copying excerpts from classical Egyptian works. Religious texts were buried with the ancient Egyptians; these texts included curses, supplications (prayers), rituals and guidance about the afterlife. When the number of texts became so difficult to register on the coffins, they were inscribed on papyrus and placed inside the coffins. These texts became a major industry; the clerks had to complete thousands of copies. The places where the deceased's name was placed were left blank; until the papyrus was purchased by the writer. Mistakes were made, if the writer did not understand what he was writing; or if there were more than one writer working simultaneously in copying different passages (of the same text). Copies of papyrus scrolls continued to be carried out in the Greco-Roman era; it was necessary to...