Egypt under the reign of King Mena
The
struggle of the Egyptians in order to achieve political unity and the impact of
the Union of Egypt in the establishment of civilization and wear the double
crown.
The
community went through several steps that had the greatest impact on
civilization in the land of Egypt. These steps are the emergence of villages
and cities, the emergence of autonomous regions, and the first unit in 4242 BC.
And finally the national unity in 3200 BC. M.
The
first step: the emergence of villages and cities
After
the Egyptians went to the Nile Valley and worked in agriculture, each group
settled in a village that cooperated together in the cultivation of the lands,
and the villages were the beginning of human civilization that led to the
emergence of cities.
And
people took to organize their lives in these villages and cities and appeared
different idolatry around which the people of each city or village, and these
gods were among the natural forces, such as the sun or the Nile or animals like
a cow or a bird. Also built temples, emerging markets, and active
industries.
Step
2: The emergence of autonomous regions
Over
time, villages and cities joined together to form large provinces or provinces.
Each province had its own governor and worshiper, named as its idol, such as
the Falcon province, the territory of the serpent. The number of these
territories was twenty-two in Upper Egypt and twenty in the Upper Egypt.
Step
3: Achieving the first political unity in 4242 BC
The
ancient Egyptians thought again ... Would they be silent about the division of
their country into independent territories? The Egyptians did not like this and
turned towards a stronger and larger union. The first political unity was
achieved in Egypt in 4242 BC when the people of the seaside succeeded in
penetrating the southern regions until they subjugated all of them. Then they
established the first central government to unite the entire country. They made
its capital, Heliopolis, And worship the sun people.
Thus,
it will be the first political historical union for all of Egypt.
In
the late days of the government of Heliopolis, the country was stricken with
schism, with its provinces divided between two governments, one in the south
and the other in the north.
 |
Kingdom of the North
|
|
King
Menes united the two countries ,Kings of Ancient Egypt, Founder of Ancient
Egypt, Menes united the two countries.
Kingdom
of the North
The
owners of the north set up their king in the delta and made their capital the
city of Bhutto and its place of Tal El Farainin north of the current city of
Desouq, and its gods were in the shape of the Cobra snake, and its people took
the papyrus as their motto.
B - Kingdom of the South
 |
| Kingdom of the South |
King
Menes, Menes united the two countries, Kings of Ancient Egypt, Founder of
Ancient Egypt, Menes united the two countries.
Kingdom
of the South
The
owners of the south established their property in the Upper Egypt, and made
their capital the city of "elk" (near the city of Edfu in Aswan
governorate). The goddess was a female eagle, and her family took the lotus as
their motto.
Step
4: Achieving Political Unity by King Menes (Narmer)
From
the city of "Thebes" (the current city of Luxor in Qena), came out
the great man "Menes" who was able to unite the two sides of the sea
with the tribal about 3200 BC. M, and thus the efforts of his predecessors, and
the fact that Egypt has a strong central government, Several titles, such as:
King of the Earths, the owner of the two crowns, the eagle of the south, the
northern snake. All this glorifies what this great hero has done.
Crown
of the two crowns
 |
| Crown of the two crowns |
King
Mina became the founder of the first ruling family in the history of Pharaonic
Egypt, but in the history of the whole world, wearing the double crown.
King
Mina wore the double crown.
 |
| King Mina wore the double crown. | Narmer's painting |
Narmer's
painting
The
story of the struggle and the victory of King Mina is filled with a painting
known as the Narmer painting. Historians believe that Narmer is Mina. This
painting was found in the city of the Cape and is now preserved in the Cairo
Museum.
The
first face depicts King Mina holding a prisoner from the north with the white
crown on his head. The other face depicts King Mina celebrating his victory over
the Kingdom of the North, wearing the red crown.
The
capital of the United Kingdom
King
Mina realized the necessity of building a medium-sized city where he could
supervise the tribal and the sea. He established a new city on the western
shore of the Nile, where the present village of Mitt Rahina was located. The
first was a war fortress surrounded by a white wall. Mina called it
"Nefir" (the beautiful port) and later was named "Memphis"
in Greek times. The Arabs called it Memphis. The city of Memphis became the
capital of all of Egypt under the old state ... until the end of the Sixth Dynasty.
Factors
that helped to establish the Pharaonic civilization
The
factors that helped the Pharaonic civilization are divided into natural factors
(the Great Nile, the excellent location, the right climate, the abundance of
rocks and minerals) and human factors (positive action and constant struggle).
Natural
factors
The
Nile and its great virtue: The Nile helped the transformation of Egypt into a
green paradise, and the Nile taught the Egyptians the building of ships, and
helped to link them, and exchange crops and trade activity. Nile flag Egyptians
planting and arithmetic, system, and the construction of canals, construction
of bridges and construction of dams. The ancient Egyptians found the teacher,
the source of the first life, and they magnified and sanctified him. They
worshiped him in the form of a god called "habi" and we still
celebrate his "fulfillment of the Nile" every year.
The
ancient Egyptians left us with many historical texts that show the importance
of the Nile River in their lives. On the impact of the Nile River in the life
of ancient Egypt, one of these texts says: "Peace be upon you, Nile ...
who will revive the land of Egypt and its creatures and plants ... Peace be
upon you, O Lord of goodness ... If you slow down the hearts, And if the souls
were quickened and the flowers opened ... ". And the status of the Nile
River in the hearts of Egyptians, another text says: "Merry O" Habi
"... You, who appeared on the ground to give life to Egypt, you who come
to mock them to give life to all thirsty ... Peace be upon you, O Lord of good
things ..." .
Excellent
geographical location: Egypt has an excellent geographic location. It is the
junction of two large continents, Africa and Asia. It overlooks two important
rivers, the Red Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and Egypt, as the heart of the
ancient world and the link between its citizens and its peoples. Egypt also
enjoys natural protection. In the north is the Mediterranean Sea, and in the
east, west and south, the vast desert areas, which were protective shields,
helped the Egyptians to defend their country and resist the aggressors and the
greedy in their goods.
The
appropriate climate: God gave our dear Egypt a moderate climate, a bright sun,
a clear sky and a strong air. This helped human activity and awakening his
mind. The drought in Egypt helped protect its ancient monuments.
The
abundance of natural resources (rocks and minerals): In the land of our dear
Egypt there is gold, copper, iron, silver and other types of minerals, as
varied rocks from granite, marble and precious stones, and of these rocks and
minerals made the ancient Egyptians all their industries, and built their
pyramids, and sculpted their statues, For the ancient Egyptians, rocks and
minerals were the most expensive.
(B)
Human factors
Positive
work and continuous struggle: The ancient Egyptians used all these factors,
benefited from them, thought and innovated, and made a lot of effort, and they
worked together until they turned their valley into the paradise that we
inhabit and enjoy its benefits today.
Egypt
is not the "gift of the Nile," as the Greek historian Herodotus said
for thousands of years. It is also the result of Egyptians' effort, diligence,
intelligence, innovation, unity and sacrifice. So "Egypt is the gift of the
Nile and the Egyptians", and if not for the struggle of the Egyptians,
this great civilization did not emerge.
